HOW TALL IS THE KANGCHENJUNGA MOUNTAIN?

We all know that the highest mountain in the world is the Mount Everest. Kangchenjunga is also one of the highest mountain in the world. It is located along the India-Nepal border in the Himalayan Range, is the third highest mountain in the world after Mount Everest and K2, with an elevation of 8,586 m (28,169 ft). Kangchenjunga means "The Five Treasures of Snows", as it contains five peaks, four of them over 8,450 m (27,720 ft). The treasures represent the five repositories of God, which are gold, silver, gems, grain, and holy books. It is also the name of its section of the Himalaya, which includes twelve more peaks over 7000 meters and then some 33 over 6000. Three of the five peaks (main, central, and south) are on the border of the Indian North Sikkim and Taplejung District of Nepal, while the other two are completely in Taplejung District. Nepal is home to the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area Project run by the World Wildlife Fund in cooperation with the Government of Nepal. The sanctuary is home to the red panda and other montane animals, birds and plants. The Khangchendzonga National Park is located in India. One of the wonders of the world or the wonders of nature.

Since it is the third highest mountain in the world, Kangchenjunga is the official spelling adopted by Douglas Freshfield, A.M. Kellas, and the Royal Geographical Society that gives the best indication of the Tibetan pronunciation. There are a number of alternative spellings which include Kangchen Dzö-nga, Khangchendzonga, Kanchenjanga, Kachendzonga, Kanchenjunga or Kangchanfanga. The final word on the use of the name Kangchenjunga came from His Highness Sir Tashi Namgyal, the Maharaja or chogyal of Sikkim, who stated that "although junga had no meaning in Tibetan, it really ought to have been Zod-nga (treasure, five) Kang-chen (snow, big) to convey the meaning correctly". Following consultations with a Lieutenant-Colonel J.L.R. Weir (British political agent to Sikkim), he agreed that it was best to leave it as Kangchenjunga, and thus the name remained so by acceptance and usage. Until 1852, Kangchenjunga was assumed to be the highest mountain in the world, but calculations made by the British Great Trigonometric Survey in 1849 came to the conclusion that Mount Everest (known as Peak XV at the time) was the highest and Kangchenjunga the third-highest. Kangchenjunga was first climbed on May 25, 1955 by Joe Brown and George Band, who were part of a British expedition. The British expedition honoured the beliefs of the Sikkimese, who hold the summit sacred, by stopping a few feet short of the actual summit. Most successful summit parties since then have followed this tradition. We can consider it as one of the precious gift from God that is why we should cherish it and care it.

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HOW CAN YOU REACH THE TOP OF THE MOUNT EVEREST?

I know that all of us knows about Mount Everest. But my question is, How deeper is your knowledge about Mount Everest?

For your more information about the Mount Everest, this mountain is the world's (7855 m) and highest mountain, with a peak at 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) above sea level. It is located in the Mahalangur section of the Himalayas on the Nepal side of Nepal-ChinaTibet) border. Its massif includes neighboring peaks Lhotse (8516 m), NuptseChangtse (7580 m). In 1856, the Great Trigonometric Survey of British India established the first published height of Everest, then known as Peak XV, at 29,002 ft (8,840 m). In 1865, Everest was given its official English name by the Royal Geographical Society upon a recommendation by Andrew Waugh, the British Surveyor General of India. Waugh named the mountain after his predecessor in the post, Sir George Everest. Although Tibetans had called Everest "Chomolungma" for centuries, Waugh was unaware of this because Nepal and Tibet were closed to foreigners. The highest mountain in the world attracts many well-experienced mountaineers as well as novice climbers willing to hire professional guides. Despite the fact it is the highest peak in the world, hikers from all over the world come and climb this mountain despite all difficulties. A whole team of climbers can help both armature and novice climbers climb the peak. If one follows the standard route to climb, it is quite safe to climb the mountains. However, the problem in the Himalayas are faced with bad weather, fast wind and low breathing that can happen due to high altitude.While not posing substantial technical climbing challenges on the standard route (other eight-thou-sanders such as K2 or Nanga Par-bat are much more difficult), Everest presents dangers such as altitude sickness, weather and wind. Mount Everest is said to be the tallest mountain on Earth. It literally means the top or the head of the sky. Mount Everest touches the borders of China, Tibet, and Nepal and is a part of the Himalayan Range. Its total height above sea level is 29,029 ft. During 1856, the name of Mount Everest was Peak XV. Its official name was given by the Geographical Society. But since this is only a brief information about Mount Everest, you can see the whole information on the Wikipedia about the Mount Everest.

This is only the view of the Mount Everest. As you can see the picture, there's a details or information about Mount Everest.

Claudia Bäumler and Hartmut Bielefeldt

This is the top of the Mount Everest. As you can see in the picture, there are two people there and their names are Claudia Bäumler and Hartmut Bielefeldt who reached the top of the mountain. It was really amazing because it is not that easy to reach the top of the mountain. And for your more information, it is really danger and difficult to reach the top of the mountain. One mistake, can cause your death. It is really cold there that is why you need to check first your condition if you can really manage or afford to reach the top or to undergo the top of the mountain. But it feels like heaven when you reach the top. You can also consider it an achievement because not all people can reach the top of Mount Everest.

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HOW DOES THE PEOPLE IN FRANCE MAINTAIN THE BEAUTY OF CLUNY ABBEY?

         Don't you know what's Cluny Abbey? Cluny Abbey or Cluni, or Clugny, is a Benedictine monastery in Cluny, Saône-et-Loire, France. It was built in the Romanesque style, with three churches built in succession from the 10th to the early 12th centuries. Cluny was founded by William I, Duke of Aquitaine in 910. He nominated Berno as the first Abbot of Cluny, subject only to Pope Sergius III. The Abbey was notable for its stricter adherence to the Rule of St. Benedict and the place where the Benedictine Order was formed, whereby Cluny became acknowledged as the leader of western monasticism. The establishment of the Benedictine order was a keystone to the stability of European society that was achieved in the 11th century. In 1790 during the French Revolution, the abbey was sacked and mostly destroyed. Only a small part of the original remains. Dating around 1334, the abbots of Cluny had a townhouse in Paris known as the Hôtel de Cluny, what is now a public museum since 1833. Apart from the name, it no longer possesses anything originally connected with Cluny. This is only a short breifing about Cluny Abbey. Now let' go the the next discussion about Cluny Abby.

        In my reseach, people in France maintained the beauty of Cluny Abby. It is so very important for them. They treasured it and clean it everyday. In history, The Cluny Abbey was founded in the Duchy of Burgundy, in A.D.910. The uniqueness of Cluny Abbey consisted in its complete independence from feudal or ecclesiastical control except that of the Pope. The autonomy of Cluny Abbey was helped by the geographical location, as a balance of power existed between France and Germany, and the Duke of Burgundy possessed only nominal authority. In 939, Louis IV d'Outremer confirmed the privilege which made the abbey completely independent of the temporal power, and from its inception, Cluny Abbey had no secular master.That makes them careful about this and it is very meaningful for them.

WHOLE VIEW OF CLUNY ABBEY

     That is the whole and upper view of Cluny Abbey. It was so cute right? It looks like a castle. In 910, Cluny I was started and completed and consecrated in 915 by the first abbott, Berno Baume. The Cluniac Order started at the same time that the construction of Cluny I was beginning. The order was defined as a biblical scholarship and a well-done church ceremony which stretched to the reaches of Germany, Italy, Spain, and England, but ended in 1790. Around 954, Cluny I was replaced with a much larger replication called Cluny II. By 1088, the foundation for Cluny III had started and then consecrated by Pope Urban in 1095 during Abbott Hugh's tenure. Plus, it was considered the largest building of it's kind during the pilgrimages. Cluny II and Cluny III were built to better suit and to fullfill the requirements of the incoming pilgrims and demands. There were four pilgrimage routes overall leading to Santiago, Vezelay, and Saint Gilles, in which two of routes originated at Cluny. During the pilgrimage period, Cluny was the designation of being a hospital, hotel, and a place for worship. Each route was lined with, what were called. hostels that belonged to the Cluniac monastaries. By the twelfth centrury, Cluny was able to house and accomadate 1200 fathers and brothers. The monks of Cluny were models of ascetic devotion, and the abbey soon acquired great fame due to its revival of monastic ideals. Cluny became so famous that monks everywhere in Europe wanted to join it. As a result, the "Congregation of Cluny" was formed. More monasteries were founded, following a new administrative rule. They were all subordinated to the abbot of the mother monastery at Cluny, not to their own abbots. The abbot of Cluny appointed a prior for each monastery. In the 12th century, there were over three hundred priories. By the eighteenth century, Cluny had undergone an emence number of attacks during the time of Enlightenment and the Revolution. During the tenth and elevnth century, Cluny was the in the middle of being the most widely respected church for the basis of the spiritual reform. During the many modifications, Cluny, at the end, had five radiating chapels, an ambulatory, a double transept, a double aisle, a long nave, pointed arches, an artistic apse, well-defined sculptures, and was proportioned just the correct amount. How I wish i can go there so that I can experience to visit the wonders of the world. It's a very nice place and a beautiful look a like castle.

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IS ELY CATHEDRAL OF IN ENGLAND IS ONE OF THE SEVEN WONDERS?

ELY CATHEDRAL

        Let me ask you this kind of question, is it really true that it is one of the seven medieval wonders of the world? The answer is a big YES!. The Ely Cathedral of England was one of the Seven Medieval Wonders of the World. In full, it is The Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Ely. This is the principal church of the Diocese of Ely, in Cambridgeshire, England, and is the seat of the Bishop of Ely and a suffragan bishop, the Bishop of Huntingdon. It is known locally as "the ship of the Fens", because of its prominent shape that towers above the surrounding flat and watery landscape. The present cathedral was started by Abbot Simeon (1082–1094, brother of Walkelin, the then bishop of Winchester) under William I in 1083. Building continued under Simeon's successor, Abbot Richard (1100–1107). The Anglo-Saxon church was demolished, but some of its relics, such as the remains of its benefactors, were moved to the cathedral. The main transepts were built early on, crossing the nave below a central tower, and are the oldest surviving part of the cathedral. Construction work continued throughout the 12th century. The Western transepts and tower were completed under Bishop Ridel (1174–89) in an exuberant Romanesque style with a rich decoration of intersecting arches and complex mouldings. Ely was originally called the "Isle of Ely" because it stands on high ground that used to be surrounded by fens. The fens weren't drained until the 18th and 19th centuries, when the moist soil became fertile farmland. Even today the countryside gets quite muddy after a rain. Hikers beware of this kind of situation or climate because it is danger for your lives. 

    That is the inside view of the Ely Cathedral. Beautiful isn't it? It is already beautiful in picture how much more in personal? How I wish I can go there have witness the beauty of this church. A Galilee porch was added under Bishop Eustace (1198–1215) in the Early English Gothic style. It was originally a two-storey structure (it was opened up into a single vaulted space in the 18th century) where liturgical processions could gather before entering the nave. Several details of its decoration, particularly the 'syncopated arches' and the use of Purbeck marble shafts, reflect the influence of St Hugh's Choir at Lincoln Cathedral, built a few years earlier. Under Bishop Northwold, work began on a new eastern end in 1234, replacing the short Norman chancel with a much grander 10-bay structure. Northwold's chancel, completed by around 1252, adopted several of the stylistic elements already used in the Galilee porch. The entrance is through a graceful double Gothic archway. Once inside, many visitors enter the labyrinth set out in tiles on the floor. Labyrinths are found in many medieval cathedrals and are currently enjoying a revival with pilgrims and tourists. They are meant as aids to meditation. This isn't actually a maze, but a unicursal labyrinth, meaning a "one-way path." The point isn't to figure out the way through, but to follow a winding course that takes one in a meandering path to the center. While working their way from the outside of the labyrinth to the center, pilgrims are supposed to think about the spiritual symbolism of its complex passages and elegant symmetry. Interestingly, the distance required to walk the labyrinth is the same as climbing the Great West Tower. You will never regret if you go there because it is such a beautiful place in England.

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